Sci-fi battleship design
Posted: Fri Aug 17, 2018 1:23 pm
I have not done any physics calculations in a long time so I'd like someone to check the figures.
-----------------------------
SHIP CHARACTERISTICS - PRELIMINARY
Length: 1241 m
Speed: 32 light years per hour maximum, 16 light years per hour cruise
0,8 light years per day maximum, 0,27 light years per day cruise with gravitic drive (emergency)
Powerplant
Fusion core: 2 * 200 TW / 47,8 kt/s, 90 m diameter, 27 m height
45.082,28 t of fuel per year at maximum power (top speed, combat)
11.270,57 t of fuel per year at cruise
616.188,52 t fuel capacity (54,67 years cruise, range 7.668.125 ly)
Fission core: 2 * 190 MW
Sensors
Long-range hyperspace scanner
Fire control and identification LADAR
Fire control RADAR
Air warning RADAR
Infrared search and track
Radar warning receiver
Laser warning receiver
Magnetic anomaly detector
Armament:
1 x spinal particle cannon (40.000 km combat range)
1 x spinal kinetic cannon (34.630 km combat range with hyperspace motivator)
4 x laser turrets (200.000 km combat range, 2 million km optics frying)
4 x particle cannon turrets (20.000 km combat range)
8 x 2 PD particle cannon turrets (22.600 km combat range)
1.460 PD lasers (72.200 km combat range) (note: low-cal PD guns * 20)
Aircraft: 32 reconnaissance / fire control UAVs, 64 shuttlecraft
Outer armour: 1.824 mm
Vacuum void: 4.575 mm
Inner armour: 4.272 mm
Turrets: 3.960 mm
Bulkheads: 3.660 mm
Command Center: 912 mm
Spinal particle cannon
96 kt
1 shot every 4 seconds
Spinal kinetic cannon
89,1 kg projectile at 2055,48 km/s
44,99 kt
1 shot every 2 seconds
Laser cannon
96 kt
1 shot / 20 s / turret
Particle cannon turret
4 kt
1 shot every 4 seconds
DESIGN NOTES
[*]large "wings" serve as heat radiators during normal operations
[*]during combat, liquid coolant is used, let out through vents on wings leading edge and collected at the rear if possible (alternatively: nose to aft)
[*]if needed, lithium heat sinks are used, pumped with heat until vaporized and then let out through vents
[*]around 40% of total weight is in armour; armour itself is some 25% more effective than Asquilah counterparts
[*]emergency medical facilities are right next to shuttle bay
[*]point defenses emplacements are Phased Particle Arrays, deployed in strips and capable of firing off-axis, much like Star Trek phasers
[*]command center is deep within ship's hull
[*]hull itself is roughly pyramidal, long and slender to provide maximum thickness of armour to enemy DEWs as well as reflect any kinetics and space debris
[*]observation deck is covered in glass for crew to go stargazing
[*]phased radar arrays on top and bottom of the ship are the main part of the superstructure
[*]ship should fit within oblate spheroid (elongated ellipse in 2D)
[*]calculate exact size of torpedoes from yield, and ship capacity from that
[*]calculate sublight acceleration capability based on mass and reactor output
[*]calculate exact crew from "Starship design"; any extra crew to total number (3.950) fill with marines
[*]10 people to function
[*]10 people per kiloton for sustained operations
[*]12.959.582.657 kg (see below)
[*]crew: 129.600
[*]HMS Dreadnought, 1906: 160,6 m, 18.410 t, crew 810 (5.114 m3 / 22,73 t per crewman)
[*]HMS Vanguard, 1946: 248,2 m, 45.200 t, crew 1.975 (7.742 m3 / 23 t per crewman)
[*]USS Bunker Hull, 1986: 173 m, 9.800 t, crew 400 (12.944 m3 / 24,5 t per crewman)
[*]USS Zumwalt, 2016: 182,9 m, 14.798 t, crew 142 (43.088 m3 / 104 t per crewman)
[*]Vanguard / ISS Aillil Aulom, 2886: 1.241 m, 12.959.582.657 kg (see below)
options:
+1,5 t / crewman / 40 years; 2886 – 1986 = 900 = +33,75 t = 58,25 t / crewman
+79,5 t / crewman / 30 years; 2886 – 2016 = 870 = +2.305,5 t = 2.409,5 t / crewman
crew = 5.378
Ship mass: (based on preliminary design)
Armour:
composition:
[*]titanium alloys (~5,22 g/cm3 / 5.220 kg/m3)
[*]T1: 2.258 MPa tensile strength, bulk modulus 354 GPa,
[*]T2: 4.516 MPa tensile strength, bulk modulus 434 GPa, 2.530 °C melting
[*]Titanium Nitride: melting point 2.930 °C / 3.200 K, thermal conductivity 19,2 W/(m*°C), Young's modulus 590 GPa, modulus of elasticity 251 GPa
note: high Young's modulus means that thick coatings flake away; it is thus applied by spraying
[*]advanced kevlar equivalent (1,4 g/cm3 / 1.400 kg/m3)
[*]boron carbide: 2,52 g/cm3, melting point 3.036 K, elastic modulus 460 GPa, fracture toughness 3,5 MPa m-2
[*]silicon carbide polymorphs: 3,21 g/cm3, melting point 3.100 K, bulk modulus 250 GPa
[*]titanium diboride: 4,52 g/cm3, hardness 35 GPa, melting point 3.500 K, thermal conductivity 120 W m-1 K-1
[*]graphene: tensile strength 130,5 GPa, Young's Modulus 1 GPa, impact force transmission 22,2 km/s, fracture toughness 4 MPa m-2, thermal conductivity 5300 W m-1 K-1, melting point 5.000 K, density 400 kg/m3 (0,4 g/cm3)
[*]layers separated by graphene aerogel (160 g/m3)
[*]high-entropy alloys (HEA): fracture tougness 15 GPa m-2, density 3.000 kg/m3 (3 g/cm3)
[*]covetics:
[*]graphene titanium: density 3,5 g/cm3 / 3.500 kg/m3, tensile strength 108 GPa, fracture tougness 18 GPa m-2, Young's Modulus 1 GPa, impact force transmission 18 km/s, thermal conductivity 5000 W m-1 K-1, melting point 5.000 K
Notes:
vs energy weapons (high priority)
vs kinetic impacts (low priority): high fracture tougness (>50 MPa m-2)
structure:
[*]outer hull armour: 1.824 mm
[*]titanium nitride layer: 24 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 500 mm
[*]outer graphene plate: 200 mm
[*]graphene aerogel: 400 mm
[*]inner graphene plate: 200 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 500 mm
properties per m2 of plate:
materials volume and weight:
[*]titanium nitride: 24.000 cm3 (125.280 g)
[*]graphene titanium: 1.000.000 cm3 (3.500.000 g)
[*]graphene: 400.000 cm3 (160.000 g)
[*]graphene aerogel: 400.000 cm3 (64 g)
[*]total weight: 3.785.344 g (3.785,34 kg)
[*]fuel capacity: 57.600 kg
inner hull armour: 4.272 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 1.000 mm
[*]outer graphene plate: 600 mm
[*]graphene aerogel: 1.000 mm
[*]inner graphene plate: 672 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 1.000 mm
properties per m2 of plate: - 10.000 cm2
[*]materials volume and weight:
[*]graphene titanium: 2.000.000 cm3 (7.000.000 g)
[*]graphene: 1.272.000 cm3 (508.800 g)
[*]graphene aerogel: 1.000.000 cm3 (160 g)
[*]total weight: 7.508.960 g (7.508,96 kg)
[*]fuel capacity: 144.000 kg
Fuel tanks
graphene aerogel: 160 g/m3, fuel capacity 144.000 kg/m3, fuel absorption/release 68,8 kg/s; compression capability 90%
Ship structure weight:
Inner armour:
2 * 302 * 122 m (top/bottom)
2 * 302 * 82 m (side)
2 * 122 * 82 m (front)
Total: 143.224 m2 = 1.075.463.287 kg
Liquid capacity: 20.624.256.000 kg
Outer armour:
[*]top/bottom central plate (a): 2 * 202 * 160 m = 64.640 m2
[*]top/bottom triangular plate (b): 2 * 118 * 155 m = 36.580 m2
[*]rear top/bottom plate (f): 2 * (108 sa 22 m) * 142 m = 31.302 m2
[*]rear side plate (g): 2 * (108 sa 20 m) * 100 m = 21.967 m2
[*]rear plate: 118 * 80 m = 9.440 m2
[*]wing rear plate (c): 2 * (132 sa 60 m = 145 m) * 38 m + 4 * (132 sa 60 m) * 140 m + 2 * (132 sa 60 m) * 22 m = 98.600 m2
[*]wing forward plate (d): 2 * 20 * (132 sa 60 m = 145 m) + 4 * 135 m * (118 sa 80 m = 142 m) = 82.480 m2
[*]forward plate (e): 2 * 815 m * (120 m sa 30 m prosj = 124 m) = 202.120 m2
Total: 547.129 m2 = 4.108.369.776 kg
Liquid capacity: 31.514.630.400 kg
Ship mass:
[*]Armour mass: 5.183.833.063 kg
[*]Armour as portion of total mass: 40% (from HMS Vanguard)
[*]Total mass: 12.959.582.657 kg
Total mass estimates by size comparison with other vessels:
[*]HMS Vanguard: 5.650.000.000 kg
[*]Astute class submarine: 15.496.437.000 kg (armour: 33,45% of weight)
Volume estimate:
[*]engine section (f): [(118 * 160) + (78 * 118)] / 2 * 108 = 1.516.536 m3
[*]rectangular central section (a): 202 * 160 * 120 m = 3.878.400 m3
[*]triangular central section (b): (118 * 155 m) / 2 * 120 m = 1.097.400 m3
[*]wings, main (c): 120 * 132 * (avg 200 / 144) = 120 * 132 * 172 = 2.724.480 m3
[*]wings, forward (d): 127 m height, 165 m avg depth, 190 m avg length = 127 * 165 * 190 = 3.981.450 m3
[*]nose: 758 m avg length, 260 m base width, 110 m base height = (260 * 110 * 758) / 3 = 7.226.226 m3
Total volume: 20.424.492 m3
Density: 634,5 kg/m3
Power requirements
[*]Power production: 400 TW
Hover (atmosphere)
[*]F = ma
[*]F = 12.959.582.657 kg * 9,81 m/s^2
[*]F = 127.090.091.263,26905 N = 127,09 GW
Conclusion: achievable
Ascent (atmosphere)
[*]9,81 J to lift 1 kg by 1 m
[*]127.133.505.865,17 W / 127,134 GW for 1 m/s ascent
[*]400 TW = 3.146,3 m/s ascent theoretical (1.500 m/s in practice)
Acceleration:
[*]Ship mass: 12.959.582.657 kg
normal acceleration
[*]250 TW propulsion (0,5 mv^2) = 250 TN m/s (1 W = 1 N m/s)
[*]acceleration: 19.290,74 m/s^2
[*]in 60 seconds: 1.157.445 m/s
combat acceleration
[*]125 TW engines (125 TW shields, 125 TW weapons)
[*]acceleration: 9.465,37 m/s^2
[*]in 60 seconds: 578.722 m/s
-----------------------------
SHIP CHARACTERISTICS - PRELIMINARY
Length: 1241 m
Speed: 32 light years per hour maximum, 16 light years per hour cruise
0,8 light years per day maximum, 0,27 light years per day cruise with gravitic drive (emergency)
Powerplant
Fusion core: 2 * 200 TW / 47,8 kt/s, 90 m diameter, 27 m height
45.082,28 t of fuel per year at maximum power (top speed, combat)
11.270,57 t of fuel per year at cruise
616.188,52 t fuel capacity (54,67 years cruise, range 7.668.125 ly)
Fission core: 2 * 190 MW
Sensors
Long-range hyperspace scanner
Fire control and identification LADAR
Fire control RADAR
Air warning RADAR
Infrared search and track
Radar warning receiver
Laser warning receiver
Magnetic anomaly detector
Armament:
1 x spinal particle cannon (40.000 km combat range)
1 x spinal kinetic cannon (34.630 km combat range with hyperspace motivator)
4 x laser turrets (200.000 km combat range, 2 million km optics frying)
4 x particle cannon turrets (20.000 km combat range)
8 x 2 PD particle cannon turrets (22.600 km combat range)
1.460 PD lasers (72.200 km combat range) (note: low-cal PD guns * 20)
Aircraft: 32 reconnaissance / fire control UAVs, 64 shuttlecraft
Outer armour: 1.824 mm
Vacuum void: 4.575 mm
Inner armour: 4.272 mm
Turrets: 3.960 mm
Bulkheads: 3.660 mm
Command Center: 912 mm
Spinal particle cannon
96 kt
1 shot every 4 seconds
Spinal kinetic cannon
89,1 kg projectile at 2055,48 km/s
44,99 kt
1 shot every 2 seconds
Laser cannon
96 kt
1 shot / 20 s / turret
Particle cannon turret
4 kt
1 shot every 4 seconds
DESIGN NOTES
[*]large "wings" serve as heat radiators during normal operations
[*]during combat, liquid coolant is used, let out through vents on wings leading edge and collected at the rear if possible (alternatively: nose to aft)
[*]if needed, lithium heat sinks are used, pumped with heat until vaporized and then let out through vents
[*]around 40% of total weight is in armour; armour itself is some 25% more effective than Asquilah counterparts
[*]emergency medical facilities are right next to shuttle bay
[*]point defenses emplacements are Phased Particle Arrays, deployed in strips and capable of firing off-axis, much like Star Trek phasers
[*]command center is deep within ship's hull
[*]hull itself is roughly pyramidal, long and slender to provide maximum thickness of armour to enemy DEWs as well as reflect any kinetics and space debris
[*]observation deck is covered in glass for crew to go stargazing
[*]phased radar arrays on top and bottom of the ship are the main part of the superstructure
[*]ship should fit within oblate spheroid (elongated ellipse in 2D)
[*]calculate exact size of torpedoes from yield, and ship capacity from that
[*]calculate sublight acceleration capability based on mass and reactor output
[*]calculate exact crew from "Starship design"; any extra crew to total number (3.950) fill with marines
[*]10 people to function
[*]10 people per kiloton for sustained operations
[*]12.959.582.657 kg (see below)
[*]crew: 129.600
[*]HMS Dreadnought, 1906: 160,6 m, 18.410 t, crew 810 (5.114 m3 / 22,73 t per crewman)
[*]HMS Vanguard, 1946: 248,2 m, 45.200 t, crew 1.975 (7.742 m3 / 23 t per crewman)
[*]USS Bunker Hull, 1986: 173 m, 9.800 t, crew 400 (12.944 m3 / 24,5 t per crewman)
[*]USS Zumwalt, 2016: 182,9 m, 14.798 t, crew 142 (43.088 m3 / 104 t per crewman)
[*]Vanguard / ISS Aillil Aulom, 2886: 1.241 m, 12.959.582.657 kg (see below)
options:
+1,5 t / crewman / 40 years; 2886 – 1986 = 900 = +33,75 t = 58,25 t / crewman
+79,5 t / crewman / 30 years; 2886 – 2016 = 870 = +2.305,5 t = 2.409,5 t / crewman
crew = 5.378
Ship mass: (based on preliminary design)
Armour:
composition:
[*]titanium alloys (~5,22 g/cm3 / 5.220 kg/m3)
[*]T1: 2.258 MPa tensile strength, bulk modulus 354 GPa,
[*]T2: 4.516 MPa tensile strength, bulk modulus 434 GPa, 2.530 °C melting
[*]Titanium Nitride: melting point 2.930 °C / 3.200 K, thermal conductivity 19,2 W/(m*°C), Young's modulus 590 GPa, modulus of elasticity 251 GPa
note: high Young's modulus means that thick coatings flake away; it is thus applied by spraying
[*]advanced kevlar equivalent (1,4 g/cm3 / 1.400 kg/m3)
[*]boron carbide: 2,52 g/cm3, melting point 3.036 K, elastic modulus 460 GPa, fracture toughness 3,5 MPa m-2
[*]silicon carbide polymorphs: 3,21 g/cm3, melting point 3.100 K, bulk modulus 250 GPa
[*]titanium diboride: 4,52 g/cm3, hardness 35 GPa, melting point 3.500 K, thermal conductivity 120 W m-1 K-1
[*]graphene: tensile strength 130,5 GPa, Young's Modulus 1 GPa, impact force transmission 22,2 km/s, fracture toughness 4 MPa m-2, thermal conductivity 5300 W m-1 K-1, melting point 5.000 K, density 400 kg/m3 (0,4 g/cm3)
[*]layers separated by graphene aerogel (160 g/m3)
[*]high-entropy alloys (HEA): fracture tougness 15 GPa m-2, density 3.000 kg/m3 (3 g/cm3)
[*]covetics:
[*]graphene titanium: density 3,5 g/cm3 / 3.500 kg/m3, tensile strength 108 GPa, fracture tougness 18 GPa m-2, Young's Modulus 1 GPa, impact force transmission 18 km/s, thermal conductivity 5000 W m-1 K-1, melting point 5.000 K
Notes:
vs energy weapons (high priority)
vs kinetic impacts (low priority): high fracture tougness (>50 MPa m-2)
structure:
[*]outer hull armour: 1.824 mm
[*]titanium nitride layer: 24 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 500 mm
[*]outer graphene plate: 200 mm
[*]graphene aerogel: 400 mm
[*]inner graphene plate: 200 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 500 mm
properties per m2 of plate:
materials volume and weight:
[*]titanium nitride: 24.000 cm3 (125.280 g)
[*]graphene titanium: 1.000.000 cm3 (3.500.000 g)
[*]graphene: 400.000 cm3 (160.000 g)
[*]graphene aerogel: 400.000 cm3 (64 g)
[*]total weight: 3.785.344 g (3.785,34 kg)
[*]fuel capacity: 57.600 kg
inner hull armour: 4.272 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 1.000 mm
[*]outer graphene plate: 600 mm
[*]graphene aerogel: 1.000 mm
[*]inner graphene plate: 672 mm
[*]graphene titanium plate: 1.000 mm
properties per m2 of plate: - 10.000 cm2
[*]materials volume and weight:
[*]graphene titanium: 2.000.000 cm3 (7.000.000 g)
[*]graphene: 1.272.000 cm3 (508.800 g)
[*]graphene aerogel: 1.000.000 cm3 (160 g)
[*]total weight: 7.508.960 g (7.508,96 kg)
[*]fuel capacity: 144.000 kg
Fuel tanks
graphene aerogel: 160 g/m3, fuel capacity 144.000 kg/m3, fuel absorption/release 68,8 kg/s; compression capability 90%
Ship structure weight:
Inner armour:
2 * 302 * 122 m (top/bottom)
2 * 302 * 82 m (side)
2 * 122 * 82 m (front)
Total: 143.224 m2 = 1.075.463.287 kg
Liquid capacity: 20.624.256.000 kg
Outer armour:
[*]top/bottom central plate (a): 2 * 202 * 160 m = 64.640 m2
[*]top/bottom triangular plate (b): 2 * 118 * 155 m = 36.580 m2
[*]rear top/bottom plate (f): 2 * (108 sa 22 m) * 142 m = 31.302 m2
[*]rear side plate (g): 2 * (108 sa 20 m) * 100 m = 21.967 m2
[*]rear plate: 118 * 80 m = 9.440 m2
[*]wing rear plate (c): 2 * (132 sa 60 m = 145 m) * 38 m + 4 * (132 sa 60 m) * 140 m + 2 * (132 sa 60 m) * 22 m = 98.600 m2
[*]wing forward plate (d): 2 * 20 * (132 sa 60 m = 145 m) + 4 * 135 m * (118 sa 80 m = 142 m) = 82.480 m2
[*]forward plate (e): 2 * 815 m * (120 m sa 30 m prosj = 124 m) = 202.120 m2
Total: 547.129 m2 = 4.108.369.776 kg
Liquid capacity: 31.514.630.400 kg
Ship mass:
[*]Armour mass: 5.183.833.063 kg
[*]Armour as portion of total mass: 40% (from HMS Vanguard)
[*]Total mass: 12.959.582.657 kg
Total mass estimates by size comparison with other vessels:
[*]HMS Vanguard: 5.650.000.000 kg
[*]Astute class submarine: 15.496.437.000 kg (armour: 33,45% of weight)
Volume estimate:
[*]engine section (f): [(118 * 160) + (78 * 118)] / 2 * 108 = 1.516.536 m3
[*]rectangular central section (a): 202 * 160 * 120 m = 3.878.400 m3
[*]triangular central section (b): (118 * 155 m) / 2 * 120 m = 1.097.400 m3
[*]wings, main (c): 120 * 132 * (avg 200 / 144) = 120 * 132 * 172 = 2.724.480 m3
[*]wings, forward (d): 127 m height, 165 m avg depth, 190 m avg length = 127 * 165 * 190 = 3.981.450 m3
[*]nose: 758 m avg length, 260 m base width, 110 m base height = (260 * 110 * 758) / 3 = 7.226.226 m3
Total volume: 20.424.492 m3
Density: 634,5 kg/m3
Power requirements
[*]Power production: 400 TW
Hover (atmosphere)
[*]F = ma
[*]F = 12.959.582.657 kg * 9,81 m/s^2
[*]F = 127.090.091.263,26905 N = 127,09 GW
Conclusion: achievable
Ascent (atmosphere)
[*]9,81 J to lift 1 kg by 1 m
[*]127.133.505.865,17 W / 127,134 GW for 1 m/s ascent
[*]400 TW = 3.146,3 m/s ascent theoretical (1.500 m/s in practice)
Acceleration:
[*]Ship mass: 12.959.582.657 kg
normal acceleration
[*]250 TW propulsion (0,5 mv^2) = 250 TN m/s (1 W = 1 N m/s)
[*]acceleration: 19.290,74 m/s^2
[*]in 60 seconds: 1.157.445 m/s
combat acceleration
[*]125 TW engines (125 TW shields, 125 TW weapons)
[*]acceleration: 9.465,37 m/s^2
[*]in 60 seconds: 578.722 m/s