James A. Marusek, 9 March 2004 wrote:
Is The Global Warming Theory Defective?
Global Warming is a radical theory proposed by a few scientists several decades ago. This theory was captured by environmentalist, antihuman ideologists and politicians and elevated into the status of a fear based religious belief. In science, theories are grounded by the evidence that supports the theory. Even though the Global Warming Theory has been under the microscope for the past few decades and even though billions of dollars have been thrown into research on this subject, the work has not been able to accumulate a strong foundation of data supporting this theory. On the contrary, the analysis by hundreds of top scientist indicates the evidence has been building up over the past few years to reject this theory.
The main thrust of the Global Warming Theory can be stated as follows:
Mankind has caused carbon dioxide levels to rise, which in turn has causes global temperatures to rise uncontrollably.
In order to analyze the theory, let us begin by dissecting the theory into its main components. The main component is that
As carbon dioxide levels rise, global temperatures will rise.
Carbon dioxide is a heavy gas that has the property of being transparent to visible light but reflective of thermal energy. Therefore, the gas acts like a thermal blanket locking in solar-generated heat at the surface of the Earth. But this element of the theory is very simplistic. It fails to account for a natural heat transport mechanism - water. Heat is captured by water molecules during evaporation and can rise above the carbon dioxide layer in the atmosphere, releasing the heat into deep space. Analysis of physical data does not support the linkage between carbon dioxide levels and global temperatures.
Global temperature is predominantly driven by variations in solar irradiance, the Earth’s and Sun’s magnetic field strength, coronal mass ejection and galactic cosmic ray flux rates. The Earth is presently experiencing a warming trend because we are coming out of the Little Ice Age that began in the early 1300’s caused by a nearby supernova event, RX J0852.0-4622.
Another component of the theory is that
the temperature rise is in a thermal runaway condition. This element of the global warming theory originated from a study of the planet Venus, the brightest planet in the nights sky. Venus has an atmosphere of 96.5% carbon dioxide. The surface temperature on Venus is approximately 865o F. Several decades ago, Carl Sagan theorized that the elevated temperature was brought about by a runaway global warming process and used this analogy on the planet Earth. He theorized that the sunlight on Venus passed through the atmosphere and was trapped at the planet’s surface, elevating the temperature to the extreme. But this theory made the following critical assumption: the planet is a balanced solar-radiation closed-box system. The solar energy falling on the planet equals the reflected sunlight combined with radiated thermal energy released from the planet. But this theory is too simplistic. The entire surface of the planet was resurfaced into a sea of molten lava several million years ago. The most logical mechanism to cause this transformation is an impact from a large comet. The elevated temperature on Venus is not solely due to solar radiation but also to magma-released heat. The theory fails to take into account that the planet is in the process of cooling down. The most visible evidence of this defect is the measured albedo of the planet. The unadjusted readings on NASA’s Solar Flux Radiometer (LSFR) Pioneer 13 Mission to Venus measured an albedo of 0.80. In other words, 80% of the sunlight hitting the atmosphere of Venus is reflected. But in subsequent missions, NASA forced the albedo reading to conform to the closed-box theory. This adjustment produced an erroneous albedo for the planet of 0.76. This difference between measured albedo and forced adjusted albedo is due to the heat loss as the planet cools.
- Why is the albedo of Venus important? When the albedo is at 0.80, the Global Warming Theory falls apart. When 80% of the sunlight is reflected by the high sulfur clouds back into deep space that leaves only 20% of the sunlight available to penetrate the planetary atmosphere. This level is too small to support the elevated temperatures observed on the surface of the planet.
The carbon dioxide levels on Earth have risen from approximately 0.028% to 0.036% in the last few decades. It is a major stretch to compare this with Venus at a 96.500% carbon dioxide level and promote an uncontrollable runaway condition. Earth in its early history, 385 million years ago, had an atmosphere with 10 times the present carbon dioxide levels. Those elevated levels did not produce runaway global warming then, so why should we theorize that it would today?
Many studies have shown that plant life is actually responding to an uptick in carbon dioxide levels. Plant life thrives under enriched carbon dioxide levels. As atmospheric carbon dioxide increases toward 0.10% level, plant life explodes becoming more productive and stronger, better able to ward off disease and insects. Over the long run this should bring stability and reduction in carbon dioxide levels.
Another component of the theory is that
mankind is responsible for the elevated carbon dioxide levels. Most of this element of the theory is focused on the destruction of forest and polluting the atmosphere from factories and automobiles. Carbon dioxide levels have risen slightly over the past few decades and this points to an imbalance in the carbon cycle. But to understand the cause of this rise, it is important to look at the complete picture. After all in the United States, the forest acreage has been expanding and pollution levels have been declining.
The carbon cycle consists of two parts. Through photosynthesis, plants, bacteria and plankton uptake carbon dioxide, releasing oxygen and producing organic carbon (life). But this organic carbon will revert back to carbon dioxide when this life dies. But another type of life, marine & terrestrial animals can convert this organic carbon and sequester this carbon for long-term storage. Animals can consume organic carbon and transform it into calcium carbonate in the exoskeletons (shells) or internal skeletons (bones). When animals die, this carbon is buried in the earth for long-term storage. This is a two-part process, a symbiotic relationship between plants and animals, and two forms of life that naturally locks down carbon dioxide levels resulting in a balanced system.
A large portion of the lock down of carbon dioxide takes place in the oceans. Phytoplanktons are the most abundant photosynthetic organism on the Earth and account for approximately three fourths of the Earth’s oxygen supply. Twenty thousand of these microscopic organisms can be found in one drop of seawater. Satellite and shipping data shows there has been a very dramatic decline in phytoplankton. The imbalance in the ocean ecosystem is the primary cause of the rising carbon dioxide levels. I suspect this is due to invasive species transported by the shipping industry in ballast water. There is 10 billion tons of ballast water carried around the world each year. The hitchhiking marine life contained in this water invades new environments and alters ecosystems.
In Summary: A strong link between elevated carbon dioxide levels and elevated global temperatures has not been established. Current global warming theory fails to take into account Earth’s natural heat transport mechanism. The idea that global warming is in a runaway state is not supported. The Earth has experienced much higher carbon dioxide levels in the past. Comparing global warming to the environment on the planet Venus is inappropriate because the warming due to magmatic heat loss has not been factored. Analysis of factors depressing phytoplankton needs further investigation to determine why their productivity has declined so rapidly. Other forms of photosynthetic life are responding to this minor uptick in carbon dioxide level by increased growth. This is a natural mechanism to bring the carbon cycle on Earth back into balance.