Internal components of a Phaser

[Lucky]

JELLICO: Your ships will leave the nebula one by one. Each ship will eject its primary phaser coil before setting course for the nearest Cardassian base.

LAFORGE: At the same time, we'll be retuning phasers to higher EM base emitting frequencies to try to disrupt their subspace field.

This makes a Phaser sound like it incorporates a Fiber laser
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_laser

SHELBY: I think we should look at modifying the plasma phaser design.

SHELBY: Acknowledged. Fire antimatter spread.

WORF: These wounds were caused by a forced plasma beam, similar to a Ferengi hand phaser.

LAFORGE: Rapid nadion pulse, right on target. Beam control assembly, safety interlock, both checked out. Beam width intensity controls also responding correctly.

SEVEN: I'll modify the phaser rifles to fire nanoprobe discharges.

Phasers incorporate powerful particle accelerators capable of firing things with a mass comparable to a human cell.

DATA: If our phaser discharge is off by as little as point zero six terawatts, it would cause a cascading exothermal inversion.

SEVEN: Lieutenant, what are you doing? 


TORRES: Patching a hole before it opens. 


KIM: That'll never hold. 


TORRES: It'll hold a minute or two, and with any luck that's all we need. Seven, take over here. I need an EPS relay. 


KIM: Er, there's one in the transporter control circuitry. 


SEVEN: The panel is sealed. 


TORRES: Good. Get away from it. 


(She attaches the relay to a device she has taken from a locker.)


TORRES: I need a phaser.



(Kim throws one to her. She plugs it into the device as the repair starts to buckle. Then she turns the phaser on and adjusts the EPS relay power feed.)


TORRES:  Watch out. I don't know if this is going to work. 


(She creates a forcefield across the area of the microfractures. When the hull breaches, the ship is still safe.)


KIM: Glad you decided to come along.

http://movies.trekcore.com/gallery/albu ... hd1435.jpg

http://movies.trekcore.com/gallery/albu ... hd1436.jpg

http://movies.trekcore.com/gallery/albu ... hd1437.jpg

Phasers appear to incorporate some sort of force field to contain the Phaser beam and discriminate between the target and its surroundings that is similar to the force fields used on the ships.