Which is of course why they can't replicate computer controlled devices. Or why the crew can only replicate objects not made of valuable substances.Ted C wrote:Well, let's see...
Gold is still valuable. We know that from "The Perfect Mate", in addition to "The Last Outpost".
Dilithium can't be replicated. It's a naturally occurring mineral, so if it's just a matter of transmuting elements and then assembling them, it shouldn't be a problem to replicate. On the other hand, if it's a element (like an isotope of lithium), then it would be impossible to replicate if the replicator can't transmute elements.
In fact, the need for mining operations in general refutes the idea that they can just replicate any element they need. Why mine for "vendarite" or "magnesite" if you can just replicate the component elements. The energy cost isn't much of an excuse, since mines are often in different systems from the point of use: I can't imagine the cost of replication being substantially higher than the cost of producing antimatter fuel for the freighter.
Besides, replicators have a track record of having more trouble with replication as the scale of the item to be replicated gets smaller. They can replicate Borg nanoprobes, which are about the size of a blood cell, but they manufacture medical nanites, which are small enough to enter cells. They can't replicate vaccines, since they're constantly transporting them by starship. Anything smaller than a blood cell seems to be a problem for replicators, and elemental transmutation would require accuracy at a sub-atomic scale.
Except they can (and do). The mere fact they can replicate a computer controlled phaser bot suggests you are off the mark. And that is only one example of many. In fact, when Neelix required a new set of lungs the only reason they could not be replicated (as opposed to other replacement organs) was that they did not have a replicator pattern of his lungs on file.
Besides, the inability to replicate certain forms of matter does not mean the rest is not done through transmutation. It is quite possible their technology has trouble with specific atoms/materials (for instance, they don't have a proper pattern for it for whatever reason) yet can transmute other atoms/materials fine.
Heck, it's clearly suggested during Voyager and DS9 that Starships are pretty much built from replicated materials. That would hardly make sense to do from any ecomical point of view if all replicators do is rearange pre-existing matter.
Besides, if they do not have technology that can build stuff on a sub-atom level, then they could never ever make working transporters. Especially not ones that can beam over functioning computer devices. Or living beings.