I'd be happy to continue the discussion here. Through I feel a little humbled that my shooting my mouth off has, however slightly, prompted an analysis thread. I'm not sure I'm up to such standards but I'm happy to try.
That list! I think it would have been shorter to list the things that weren't a discrepancy. And it seems to only go up to Season 2 of Discovery. Obviously some, like space-borne creatures being too numerous, are less of a hard discrepancy but that's still an impressive list.
As for my original point, while I'm not outright saying you couldn't find a way to reconcile everything the fleet number information from NuTrek, specifically from "Discovery" and Picard, seem high. Especially the former when the Federation should be smaller and generally less industrialized than its 24th century counterpart. Yet "Discovery" establishes that Starfleet apparently has seven thousands vessels and that after a devastating war against the Klingons that destroyed, IIRC, a third of the fleet. Suggesting numbers pretty close to what we'd have ballparked for the Federation during the Dominion War roughly a century later and which, until now, showed a straightforward and gradually increasing curve of growth in ship numbers. Starting with Star Trek: Enterprise showing a very small starfleet of likely dozens of ships to the hundreds to low thousands suggested by the TOS era to the 10,000+ of the 24th century.
Now instead of seductive curves, the Federation ship numbers appear melon-shaped starting small before ballooning outward only to taper off again as we approach the 24th century. Where we have examples of much smaller ship production/ship numbers. Ie It taking starfleet the better part of a year to replace 39 ship losses incurred by the Borg attack, the Seventh fleet starting the Dominion War with only one hundred-twelve ships, that even well into the war when the Federation industry should have been ramping up it had to scrap to scrounge up roughly six hundred starships to retake Deep Space Nine as well as the suggestion that the additional "couple of thousand" of Dominion ships waiting on the other end of the wormhole was going to be enough to tip the balance of the war in the Dominion's favor.
Lastly, to my knowledge, while NCC numbers have ballooned in the 24th century matching the suggestion of the fleet we ultimately observed,we don't see any such thing in either TOS or Discovery. Ie. We have the NCC 1031 Discovery but no NCC 7031 Randomprize.